ethnic island ap human geography

This culture might include shared language, religion, and traditions, among other commonalities. People with high levels of melanin may consider themselves white if they enjoy a middle-class lifestyle. Voluntary ethnic enclaves are places where people of common heritage choose to live together in higher numbers than surrounding areas populated by people with different heritage. Chinese immigrants initially were more widely disbursed in western states, but restrictive laws forced them to relocate, where they formed one of the now most famous Chinatown neighborhoods in the United States. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 In the United States, anti-miscegenation laws flourished in the South during the Jim Crow era. Conflict theories are often applied to inequalities of gender, social class, education, race, and ethnicity. The presence of ethnic enclaves is a worldwide phenomenon. Unprejudiced nondiscriminators are open-minded, tolerant, and accepting individuals. All rights reserved. View of human nature in Taoism and Confucianism. To illustrate, here are four examples of how prejudice and discrimination can occur. f(x)=cos(1+3x)2f(x)=\cos (1+3 x)^2 are in the same box the next time you log in. In the late nineteenth century, it was not uncommon for business owners to hang signs that read, Help Wanted: No Irish Need Apply. Moreover, southern Jim Crow laws, with their Whites Only signs, exemplified overt discrimination that is not tolerated today. This is often done for common protection and advancement opportunities that are not easy to obtain outside the community and usually because of the availability of financial resources or other types of capital like excess labor. New York also had ethnic enclaves for immigrating Greek, Polish, Jewish, German, and Irish communities, amongst others. A person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops. Studies suggest that darker skinned African Americans experience more discrimination than lighter skinned African Americans (Herring, Keith, and Horton 2004; Klonoff and Landrine 2000). - Definition, Acts & Examples, Rebellion in Sociology: Definition & Examples, Social Movement Definitions: Alternative, Redemptive, Reformative & Revolutionary, Social Movement Stages: Emergence, Coalescence, Bureaucratization & Decline, Praxis English Language Arts: Content Knowledge (5038) Prep, ILTS Social Science - Geography (245) Prep, ILTS Social Science - Political Science (247): Test Practice and Study Guide, Praxis Family and Consumer Sciences (5122) Prep, Praxis Biology: Content Knowledge (5235) Prep, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Test Prep & Practice, Praxis Core Academic Skills for Educators: Reading (5713) Prep, Praxis Chemistry: Content Knowledge (5245) Prep, Praxis Social Studies: Content Knowledge (5081) Prep, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Help and Review, Abnormal Psychology: Homework Help Resource, The American Psychological Association: Definition, Divisions & Publications, What is Testosterone? U.S.S. Over 120,000 legal Japanese residents and Japanese U.S. citizens, many of them children, were held in these camps for up to four years, even though there was never any evidence of collusion or espionage. Ethnicity. Southeast Asia, vast region of Asia situated east of the Indian subcontinent and south of China. Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Geography, Chapter 3: Cultural Patterns and Processes, Chapter 4: Political Borders, Boundaries, and Governments, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state. With genocide, the real intent is the death of a group of people at any scale possible until they are extinct. Sometimes called the "first effective settlement" or "first self-perpetuating society" whose imprint affect modern cultural geography of an area. Hitlers intent was clear, and the high Jewish death toll certainly indicates that Hitler and his regime committed genocide. Term. Do we need more than one theory to explain racism, prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination? Involuntary ethnic enclaves are largely the opposite of voluntary ethnic enclaves. flashcard sets. Ethnicity: Refers to a group of people who share a common identity. AP Human Geography Quiz Test 8 . aphg unit 4 test.docx - AP Human Geography Unit 4- Assimilation is antithetical to the salad bowl created by pluralism; rather than maintaining their cultural flavor, subordinate cultures give up their traditions in order to conform to their new environment. At first glance, it appears that ethnic cleansing and genocide are similar. An example from the last century is the way Adolf Hitler was able to blame the Jewish population for Germanys social and economic problems. State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. Eases the adaption process by providing business opportunities, community, and cultural items and traditions from home such as food and clothes. Owing to their localized geography or their locations on islands or peninsulas, many smallpolitical entities such as those labeled on the political map of the world can be identified as Topic 4.1A. The 20th Century was also the deadliest century, regarding war, in human history. This year long class will introduce students to the systematic study of patterns and processes that have shaped human understanding, use, and alterations of the Earth's surface. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you In Southeast Asian Chinese enclaves, Chinese people have been known for their business acumen, running import and export businesses, Chinese restaurants, and banks. AP Human Geography Unit 4 | Geography - Quizizz The concept of an ethnic enclave does imply some degree of choice, but we should acknowledge segregated communities that are formed without choice. Asian American, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (AANHPI) This means that 79 percent of either blacks or whites would have to move in order for each neighborhood to have the same racial balance as the whole metro region (Population Studies Center 2010). Sociologist Louis Wirth (1945) defined a minority group as any group of people who, because of their physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the others in the society in which they live for differential and unequal treatment, and who therefore regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination. The term minority connotes discrimination, and in its social scientists use, the term subordinate group can be used interchangeably with the term minority, while the term dominant group is often substituted for the group thats in the majority. Africa, the second-largest continent, is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Atlantic Ocean. Ethnicity - AP Human Geography Flashcards | Quizlet Otherwise, tap the red Don't know box. This seafaring culture developed almost entirely from its geography. Introduction to Human Geography by R. Adam Dastrup, MA, GISP is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Some of the worst acts by humans have been concerning ethnic cleansing and genocide. The scenarios above are examples of individual discrimination, but other types exist. Why? Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. While Americans of the 19th century saw Italians, Greeks, Germans, and Hungarians as being culturally recognizable to some degree, immigrants from East Asia seemed to come from an entirely different world. Describes a small geographic area that could not successfully be organized into one or more stable states because it was inhabited by many ethnicities with complex, long-standing antagonisms toward each other. For symbolic interactionists, race and ethnicity provide powerful symbols as sources of identity. New stereotypes are rarely created; instead, they are recycled from subordinate groups that have assimilated into society and are reused to describe newly subordinate groups. Students cultivate their understanding of human geography through data and geographic analyses as they explore topics like patterns and spatial organization, human impacts and interactions with their environment, and spatial processes and societal changes. Quite simply, these diseases decimated the tribes. A conflict theory perspective of U.S. history would examine the numerous past and current struggles between the white ruling class and racial and ethnic minorities, noting specific conflicts that have arisen when the dominant group perceived a threat from the minority group. Belief that one race is superior to another. For example, when a newspaper identifies by race individuals accused of a crime, it may enhance stereotypes of a particular minority. In Catholic nations particularly, Jews were often forced into segregation, involuntarily confined to specific neighborhoods. Notable among these were German Anabaptists, also called Mennonites, who broke with their church, moved to Lancaster County in southeastern Pennsylvania, and founded the oldest and largest Amish ethnic enclave in America. A social division based on national origin, religion, language, and often race. Data indicating the atmospheric temperature at the time of 23 previous launches and the O-ring damage index are stored in 0-Ring. A central challenge in clarifying the existence of an ethnic enclave presents when looking at the definition of ethnicity. Moreover, the term minority groups describe subordinate groups, or that lack power in society regardless of skin color or country of origin. Over time, the typology of race that developed during early racial science has fallen into disuse, and the social construction of race is a more sociological way of understanding racial categories. Identity as member of a nation/state; Legal status (citizenship); Allegiance (loyalty) to a nation/state. In the United States, which has a history of welcoming and absorbing immigrants from different lands, assimilation has been a function of immigration. Some interactionists propose that the symbols of race, not race itself, are what lead to racism. Assimilation describes the process by which a minority individual or group gives up its own identity by taking on the characteristics of the dominant culture. Maine Facts & Significance | What was the U.S.S. Additional examples of minority groups might include the LGBTQ+ community, religious practitioners whose faith is not widely practiced where they live, and people with disabilities. Prejudiced nondiscriminators are those who hold racist beliefs but do not act on them, such as a racist store owner who serves minority customers. Shared geography, language, and religion can often, but not always, factor into ethnic group categorizations. The Amish have since spread into the midwestern states as well, forming several ethnic enclaves across the U.S. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Upon investigation after the tragedy, experts agreed that the disaster occurred because of leaky rubber O-rings that did not seal properly due to the cold temperature. However, this definition has also been adapted or clarified in various ways as researchers try to better understand the reasons behind the formation of ethnic enclaves. This century experienced two world wars, multiple civil wars, genocides in Rwanda (Tutsis and moderate Hutus), Sudan, Yugoslavia, and the Holocaust that decimated the Jewish population in Europe during WWII. The shooting, the public response, and the trial that followed offer a snapshot of the social constructs of race. Unlike enclaves, ethnic neighborhoods do not necessarily have an economic connection binding them together. Stereotypes can be based on race, ethnicity, age, gender, sexual orientation almost any characteristic. 1.1 Geography: The Science of Where, How, and Why, 5.5 Globalization and International Trade, 7.3 Cities as Cultural and Economic Centers, 7.4 Cities as Environmental and Sustainable Centers. During this time, many former Confederate states passed Jim Crow laws that required segregated facilities for blacks and whites. Yet by December 2013, fighting between the new government and rebel fighters created a new civil war within the new country. Ethnic cleansing refers to methodical forcible removal of members of a certain ethnic, religious, or racial group from a given area, typically with the goal to make it ethnically homogeneous.. They worked hard to make it flourish. Definition. Create your account. Heritage can include culture, religion, language, etc., but is frequently variably defined, making a clear definition elusive. (n.) the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. As these communities grew, they found ways to bring the customs, holidays, foods, and even architecture from their homelands into their new neighborhoods. A. Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander is defined as "a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands." The AA and NHPI population consist of over 50 distinct ethnicities in the U.S. When we examine race and how it can bring us both advantages and disadvantages, it is essential to acknowledge that the way we experience race is shaped, for example, by our gender and class. Discrimination also manifests in different ways. This could include forced migration, terror and rape, destruction of villages, and large-scale death. Create your account, 17 chapters | Consider how much money, time, and effort went toward maintaining separate and unequal educational systems before the civil rights movement. Involves more than physical characteristics associated with race; also includes a person's perceived social and cultural identity. Ethnic enclaves are formed in a variety of ways, but occur when people from a common ethnic background move close together in a new country. When consumption equals disposable income: a. the marginal propensity to consume is zero. Identity with a group of people descended from a common ancestor. The Mormons settled here. A(n) ___ is a person with a special talent for developing new businesses, new products, and new ways of doing things. Study 66 Terms | AP Human Geography Flashcards | Quizlet A relatively small area occupied by a distinct culture or ethnicity, which largely result from chain migration. PPT Erie's Public Schools / Erie's Public Schools | Erie Pennsylvania When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Ethnic religion: Religion that is identified with a particular ethnic or tribal group and that does not seek new converts. Stereotypes are oversimplified generalizations about groups of people. The social construction of race is also reflected in the way names for racial categories change with changing times. Albert offers free AP Human Geography questions on every topic covered by the AP class and categorizes them by difficulty level. * Diasporic people, The landscape formed by the ethnicities living in that area. poor or inadequate adaptation that occurs when a group pursues an adaptive strategy that, in the short run, fails to provide the necessities of life or, in the long run, destroys the environment that nourishes it. Do you think race had any influence on the initial decision not to arrest Zimmerman, or on his later acquittal? Institutional racism refers to how racism is embedded in the fabric of society. Even if a society managed to eradicate racism from each individuals psyche, society itself would maintain it. Amalgamation is the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group. It is worth noting that race, in this sense, is also a system of labeling that provides a source of identity; specific labels fall in and out of favor during different social eras. The farther they traveled, the more advanced their navigation became. When considering skin color, for example, the social construction of race perspective recognizes that the relative darkness or fairness of skin is an evolutionary adaptation to the available sunlight in different regions of the world. At the other end of the continuum are amalgamation, expulsion, ethnic cleansing, and even genocide stark examples of intolerant intergroup relations. AP Exams are regularly updated to align with best practices in college-level learning. The most tolerant form of intergroup relations is pluralism, in which no distinction is made between minority and majority groups, but instead, there is equal standing. Group protection can be achieved by a group of people building and supporting their own economy and bolstering other elements of their culture including religion, social causes, or politics. Colorism is another kind of prejudice, in which someone believes one type of skin tone is superior or inferior to another within a racial group. Full-length practice tests can be pretty hard to track down for AP Human Geography. The best example of a nation among the following is. Polynesians developed large, double- hulled vessels called outrigger canoes. An East African country of 12 million with its capital at Kigali; Site of a 1994 genocide in which the majority Hutu ethnic group attempted to murder all the minority Tutsi ethnic groups. Most people in the United States have immigrant ancestors. The positive reaction where by the foreigner readily accepts the new culture as part of his life and practice. Truly involuntary enclaves are generally referred to as ghettos (although it should be noted that academics disagree as to whether ghettos qualify as enclaves or not). Consider the way slave owners justified slavery in the antebellum South, by suggesting that black people were fundamentally inferior to white and preferred slavery to freedom. Presidential Election of 1844: Issues, Candidates & Summary, Sequent Occupance, Acculturation & Assimilation: Definition & Examples, Distribution Patterns of Economic Activities, Agricultural Production Regions Associated With Bioclimatic Zones, Components of Effective Oral Language Instruction. Social scientists measure the degree to which immigrants have assimilated to a new culture with four benchmarks: socioeconomic status, spatial concentration, language assimilation, and intermarriage. Segregation refers to the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in the workplace and social functions. The Course Description of the AP Human Geography lets you know that you have to distinguish between ethnic and universalizing religions. When faced with racial and ethnic discrimination, it can be difficult for new immigrants to assimilate fully. All of these tensions and the power vacuum left by Tito opened the door for violence. In relatively recent history, between 1890 and 1920, the United States became home to around 24 million immigrants. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Stateless nation A group of people with a common political identity who do not have a territorially defined, sovereign country of their own Red lining The reasons for this are complex and relate to the educational, criminal, economic, and political systems that exist in our society. Shared genetic ancestry is a result of geographical isolation. Amalgamation, also known as miscegenation, is achieved through intermarriage between races. However, it's important to remember that most ethnic enclaves were founded by communities seeking protection from some degree of prejudice or discrimination, even if not always as strong as that faced by the Chinese. A state that contains more than one ethnicity. If you knew the answer, tap the green Know box. It is easy to see how someone living in the Northeastern United States, who may know no Mexican Americans personally, might gain a stereotyped impression from such sources as Speedy Gonzalez or Taco Bells talking Chihuahua. On top of that, the civil war is creating a situation that could lead to the larget famine the world has seen in over a century. Generally, they're seen as examples of voluntary self-segregation, where communities come together and choose to remain at least partially isolated from mainstream society for mutual protection and comfort. Does society fear black men, leading to racial profiling at an institutional level? I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. It consists of two dissimilar portions: a continental projection (commonly called mainland Southeast Asia) and a string of archipelagoes to the south and east of the mainland (insular Southeast Asia). Discrimination can be based on age, religion, health, and other indicators; race-based laws against discrimination strive to address this set of social problems. Make sure to remember your password. For example, ethnic groups such as Irish, Italian American, Russian, Jewish, and Serbian might all be groups whose members are predominantly included in the white racial category. What about the role of the media? For best results enter two or more search terms. x_1, x_2, x_3 & \geq 0 BLM Goals, Accomplishments & History | What is the Black Lives Matter Movement? The United States has a longstanding claim of being a melting pot of cultures. Cultural traits; Identity with people who share cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth. Although the assumption of a linear relationship may not be valid for the set of 23 flights, fit a simple linear regression model to predict O\mathrm{O}O-ring damage, based on atmospheric temperature. The Yugoslav region includes several ethnicities including Serb, Bosniak, Croat, Albanian, and Macedonian - to name a few. Possibly the most well-known case of genocide is Hitlers attempt to exterminate the Jewish people in the first part of the twentieth century. The departure of whites from places (like urban neighborhoods or schools) increasingly or predominantly populated by ethnic minorities. However, the primary cause of Native American death was neither slavery nor war nor forced removal: it was the introduction of European diseases and Indians lack of immunity to them. European settlers coerced American Indians off their lands, often causing thousands of deaths in forced removals, such as occurred in the Cherokee or Potawatomi Trail of Tears. Prejudice refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes that someone holds about a group. In addition to WWI and WWII, this century experienced the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Cold War, and the first Gulf War. However, Muslim leaders in the country wanted a Muslim country, creating East and West Pakistan. Today, there are a few situations that may be classified as a genocide. In the view of functionalism, racial and ethnic inequalities must have served an essential function in order to exist as long as they have. to send you a reset link. Genuine pluralism is characterized by mutual respect on the part of all cultures, both dominant and subordinate, creating a multicultural environment of acceptance. Pluralism is represented by the ideal of the United States as a salad bowl: a great mixture of different cultures where each culture retains its own identity and yet adds to the flavor of the whole. Social scientists use segregation indices to measure racial segregation of different races in different areas. Under apartheid, black South Africans were stripped of their civil rights, and forcibly relocated to areas that segregated them physically from their white compatriots. What should you do if your ATM or debit card is lost or stolen? Like race, the term ethnicity is difficult to describe, and its meaning has changed over time. people of the same race or nationality who share a distinctive culture, a new culture to which a person must acculturate, the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture, the process of assimilating new ideas into an existing cognitive structure, the study of spatial distributions and interactions of ethnic groups and of the cultural characteristics on which they are based, the many forms and practices that define how a nation shops for, cooks, and consumes its food, People classified according to common traits and customs, A sizeable area inhabited by an ehnic minority that exhibits a strong sense of attachment to the region and often exercises some measure of politcal and social control over it.

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