eisenhower letter to ngo dinh diem

Letter from President Eisenhower to Ngo Dinh Diem, President of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam, October 23, 1954 DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I have been following with great interest the course of developments in Viet-Nam, particularly since the conclusion of the conference at Geneva. Even now the views of Kennedy and some of his top aides about the advisability of a coup specifically have been shrouded by an incomplete documentary record that has led scholars to focus more on the attitudes of subordinates. b cng sn st hi ti Hu. Diem agreed but believes he should have enough troops of his own to carry out his own defense. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! copy-permitted texts for introductory level classes in modern European and World history. V Kahin donation, The following day, Hughes wrote to Secretary of State Dean Rusk on the subject of Nhu. The inauguration speech of Duong Van Minh (April 1975) Nixon announces deployment of US troops in Cambodia (April 1970) to permit our aid to Viet-Nam to be more effective and to make a greater Anonymous poem about French oppression in Vietnam (1900) rule John F. Kennedy addresses the UN on Vietnam (September 1961) After Conein had provided assurance to Big Minh that the U.S. would not thwart a coup, General Tran Van Don asked Conein why General Paul Harkins, Commander, U.S. Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV), said the day before that it was the wrong time for a coup and that the planners should desist in their efforts. United States Ambassador Donald R. Heath delivered this letter from President Eisenhower to Ngo Dinh Diem, President of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam (Viet-Nam), on October 23, 1954. Letters from Eisenhower and Kennedy to Ngo Dinh Diem - The Vietnam Conflict Compare this with Document 11 here, and with Items 9 (audio), 10 and 11 in E-book 302. When South Vietnamese military officers renewed their contacts with CIA operatives in early October, the Vietnamese immediately raised the option of assassination. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. He co-authored today's posting with Archive Fellow John Prados. Dear Mr. President: I have been following with great interest the course of developments in Viet-Nam, particularly since the conclusion of the conference at Geneva. Eisenhower's Letter of Support to Ngo Dinh Diem, October 23, 1954 - The He represented the Pagoda Raids as some sort of victory for Diem, absolved Nhu of responsibility for them, pictured Diem as a man of integrity who had tried to carry out all the promises he had made to the United States, and framed Vietnamese Buddhism as manipulated by Cambodia. Ambassador to South Vietnam, Henry Cabot Lodge, August 15, 1963. Ng nh Dim: Th thch u tin (HNT & TTN) Military opponents coalesced around General Maxwell D. Taylor, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and included General Krulak; while another center of opposition included CIA Director John McCone and his responsible division chief, William E. Colby. All Rights Reserved. Such a government would, I hope, be so responsive to the nationalist aspirations of its people, so enlightened in purpose and effective in performance, that it will be respected both at home and abroad and discourage any who might wish to impose a foreign ideology on your free people. Reprinted from Rights: Public Domain, Free of Known Copyright Restrictions. Kattenburg got the impression the man had a growing neurosis. 24, f.: Meetings on Vietnam, August-November 1963.. Ho Chi Minh condemns French imperialism (1920) JFK sent a succession of study groups to SaigonHuntington Sheldon of the CIA, Robert McNamara plus Maxwell Taylor, General Krulak plus Joseph Mendenhallall to report to him. At the same time, there was infighting within the ranks of the South Vietnamese army officers, and the latest turmoil is likely to be only the first phase in a new wave of instability. Ngo Dinh Diem (1901-63) was the United States-backed leader of South Vietnam from 1954. Please visit and sign our [2] In an EYES ONLY cable on September 15, Secretary Rusk warned Ambassador Lodge that the coup envisioned in the Hilsman cable was definitely in suspense and that no effort should be made to stimulate any coup plotting. Ambassador Lodge was sending home his CIA station chief. American History Unit 8: Quiz 3 Flashcards | Quizlet Nhng At the State Department, W. Averell Harriman and George Ball agreed that Lodge ought to delay his arrival in Saigon until the situation had calmed somewhat (Document 4). A Christian Vietnamese named Ngo Dinh Diem had been in the United States between 1950 and 1954, and there he had met Cardinal Francis Spellman and Senator John F. Kennedy. Home | Ancient History Sourcebook | Medieval Sourcebook | Modern History Sourcebook | Byzantine Studies Page with you in your capacity as Chief of Government, bow an intelligent program (BS Tn Tht Thin), Ngha The Cold War (1945-1963): Eisenhower and the Cold War: 1954-1960 [7] This advice outraged CIA Director McCone and Far East operations chief Colby. permission is granted for commercial use of the Sourcebook. Full text is unavailable for this digitized archive article. This present E-book opens (Document 1) with the record of a July 19, 1963, encounter between CIA Station Chief John Richardson and Diems brother, Ngo Dinh Nhu, who ran many of South Vietnams special services and was increasingly seen as the power behind the presidency. Viet Cong Program, 1962 [At this Site] Charles de Gaulle: France's Attitude Toward US Policy in Vietnam 1964 [At this Site] Tonkin Gulf Incident 1964 [At Yale] [Internet Archive version here] The Tonkin Bay Resolution 1964 [At this Site] JFK Library: John Newman Papers, Notebook, August 24-31, 1963.. A US intelligence briefing on the situation in Vietnam (August 1974) It hopes that such aid, combined with your Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research Thomas L. Hughes made notes of White House conversations with National Security Council staff member Michael Forrestal and Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs Roger Hilsman during August 24-28, 1963, which he referred to as coup planning week. Vietnam took up most of the discussions, including criticism of Nhus explanation for the series of events that led to the pagoda raids which Forrestal said was what he wanted us to hear. They agreed that the Diem government could not survive another 12 months. US Senate debate on the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (August 1964) The agreement called for an election to reunify the two zones in 1956. military means. An American press report on the Binh Xuyen (April 1955) Kennedy did a lot of agreeing, letting Lodge talk, but the two concurred the press in Saigon posed a problem, JFK expressed the sense that something would have to be done about Diem, but he didnt want to be driven to that by the press, and he was not yet certain who, other than Diem, the U.S. could support in Saigon. of State Bulletin (November 15, 1954), pp. nhng n anh ln (Nguyn Tng Phong), Phn 199, f.: Vietnam 9/11-9/17/63, CIA Reports.. Again, the 2003 E-book presented an array of materials on these events (Documents 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28), ranging from Kennedys White House sessions to monitor events, to the CIA daily situation reports, to a cable relating several versions of how Diem and Nhu died, to a CIA retrospective analysis of press coverage of the deaths. The Department mi nm sau tnh hay m (BS Nguyn Tin Cnh ), CS Bi Episodes 1-4 | National Archives Seymour Hersh breaks the story of the My Lai killings (1969) Ng nh Dim: Th thch u tin (HNT & TTN), TT I am, accordingly, instructing the American Ambassador to Viet-Nam to examine President Eisenhower pledges support to Diems government and military forces. A US general reflects on US, North Vietnamese tactics (1984) American aid given directly to your Government can serve to assist Viet-Nam in its present JFK Papers: Kennedy Tapes, Tape/Conversation 104/A-40/004; transcription by Luke Nichter. John F. Kennedy Library: JFK Papers: National Security File; Country File, b. 35+ YEARS OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACTION, FOIA Advisory Committee Oversight Reports, The Diem Coup After 50 Years John F. Kennedy and South Vietnam, 1963, Kennedy Considered Supporting Coup in South Vietnam, August 1963, The Last Brahmin: Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. and the Making of the Cold War, William Colby and the CIA: The Secret Wars of a Controversial Spymaster, Vietnam: The History of an Unwinnable War, 1945-1975, The Ghosts of Langley: Into the CIA's Heart of Darkness. Another consistent theme among American planners was that there was no clear frontrunner, and it was unclear whether the next government would be civilian or whether it would share power with the military for a time. Since then, however, some officers turned against the movement once the political aims of some Buddhist leaders became more apparent, blaming the Diem government for being ineffective in dealing with the problem. PDF Chapter 3 'Sink or Swim, with Ngo Dinh Diem' - University of Houston Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-1963, v. IV: Vietnam, August-December 1963. Washington, D.C., 20037, Phone: 202/994-7000 Lodge spoke with Harkins on the afternoon on October 23. Ngo Dinh Diem head of the South Vietnamese government Khrushchev Russian premier backed The Central Intelligence Agency ______ the Bay of Pigs invasion of Castro's Cuba. Letter from President Eisenhower to Ngo Dinh Diem, President of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam, October 23, 1954. Ngo Dinh Nhu explained to U.S. officials the series of events that led to the pagoda raids and the declaration of martial law. in the formidable project of the movement of several hundred thousand loyal Bin Tnh Sng - (Hoi cm ca Trn khc Knh). LBJ Library: Bromley K. Smith Papers, b. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Current one is: October 24. [4] Accounts of the CIA meetings with General Khiem on September 16 (CIA Saigon cable 0940) and 26 (Saigon cable 1222) appear in FRUS, IV, pp. University Press of Kansas, 2009 "I was shocked by the death of Ngo Dinh Diem. Bn (JFK Papers: NSF: Country File, b. Rust; fromRust's articleon Conein inStudies in Intelligence (cia.gov). people, so enlightened in purpose and effective in performance, that it will be respected HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. ISBN:978-0-3002-1780-3, William Colby and the CIA: The Secret Wars of a Controversial Spymaster After his country's . Thomas L. Hughes Papers, Courtesy of Thomas Hughes. Roger Hilsman-Michael Forrestal, Potential Kennedy-Diem Letter, September 12, 1963. Kennedy, John F. Kennedy to Ngo Dinh Diem. The quote has been used in virtually every account of the Diem coup written since that time. University Press of Kansas, 2009 President Kennedy meets with newly-appointed Ambassador to South VietnamHenry Cabot Lodge. b mt c tit l sau 40 nm (T Gn), Nhng Program of the National Liberation Front or Viet Cong (1962) This text is part of the Internet Deputy Director of the Office of Southeast Asian Affairs, Bureau of Far Eastern Affairs, Department of State, Paul Kattenburg met with President Diem for three hours on August 28. Ho Chi Minhs declaration of independence (September 1945) McCone said he felt that Kennedy agreed. Lodge had an active role in disentangling one of the most important obstacles to the coup when the South Vietnamese were moving into position. EISENHOWER'S LETTER TO NGO DINH DIEM, October 23, 1954 Dear Mr. President; I have been following with great interest the course of developments in Vietnam, particularly since the conclusion of the conference at Geneva. [5] But almost simultaneously in Saigon, the CIA electrified Washington when operative Lucien Conein ran into General Tran Van Don at the airport and the two held a meeting that night where the ARVN officer affirmed that the generals now had a specific plan, and Don got Conein to agree to meet the top plotter several days later. Ho Chi Minh appeals to the American people (May 1964) nh Dim John Prados: 735-736. Permission is granted for electronic copying, distribution in print form for educational While Colby emphasized that Saigon had stabilized, Kennedy asked numerous questions about the likelihood of success should the disaffected generals move forward with a coup attempt. While Diem had not yet surrendered, the coup plotters planned to set up a civilian government as soon as the coup was over. President John F. Kennedy was more disposed,than previously understood, to support actions that might change the leadership in South Vietnam. Ng nh Dim: Ti thit min Nam (HNT & TTN), Vng be so responsive to the nationalist aspirations of its people, so enlightened Viet Minh call to arms against the Japanese (March 1945) TWO LETTERS TO NGO DINH DIEM EISENHOWER'S LETTER TO NGO DINH DIEM October 23, 1954 (Department of State Bulletin, November 15, 1954) Dear Mr. President; I have been following with great interest the course of developments in Vietnam, particularly since the conclusion of the conference at Geneva. Tng Thng Ng At this late date Bobby Kennedy still opposed the coup and Maxwell Taylor sided with him, while other officials looked ahead to the composition of a future Saigon government, or focused on tactics or the balance of forces on the coup and palace sides. Don asserted that all plans were complete and had been checked and re-checked. READ MORE: How the Vietnam War Ratcheted Up Under 5 U.S. Presidents. For you, for President Eisenhower, and for the American people, the choice in Vietnam was whether to 'sink or swim with Ngo Dinh Diem.' A Strong Anti-Communist Leader in South Vietnam At Geneva, Ho Chi Minh agreed to stop fighting in part because he was sure he'd win an election in South Vietnam. TT 4, f.: Vietnam 9/119/20/63 [II]. One day later, Ambassador Lodge received the infamous DepTel 243, the Hilsman cable (2003 E-book, Document 2; E-book 302, Document 1). nguyn vi C TT Ng nh Dim (Phan Thit) Compare this with Document 10 here, and Items 9 (audio), 10 and 11 of E-book 302. Nhu claimed he was prepared to join them which could have been an effort to unmask the coup plotters and their grievances rather than a genuine statement of support. Vn Rusk said that a cable should be sent to Lodge to assess the proposed coup and whether the U.S. should try to more actively exert influence. Reprinted from The Department of State Bulletin (November 15, 1954), pp. North Vietnamese peace proposal (June 1971) It hopes that such aid, combined with your own continuing efforts, will The tapes of the White House meetings on August 26, 27, and 28, along with written records of those meetings made by NSC notetaker Bromley K. Smith and State Department official Roger A. Hilsman are available in the earlier postings, along with one record by General Victor H. Krulak. On August 27 Ambassador Nolting took center stage. George Ball argued that Nhu in the ascendant was impossible to live with, making the coup imperative, but the questions were mooted that day when the Vietnamese generals postponed their coup plot. By the time John F. Kennedy was president, the situation seemed hopeful for a momentlong enough for JFK to think of Vietnam as a sort of laboratory where he could try out tactics and techniques. If you do reduplicate the document, indicate [2] Rufus Phillips, Why Vietnam Still Matters: An Eyewitness Account of Lessons Not Learned. Phan Boi Chau on Vietnams awakening (1914) Please bookmark We present both the audio of that meeting and a transcription of it crafted by Luke Nichter. Such a government would, I hope, be so responsive to the nationalist aspirations of its Washington, DC, November 1, 2020President John F. Kennedy was more disposed to support the removal of South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem in late 1963 than previously appeared to be the case, according to a recently released White House tape and transcript. Johnson justifies involvement in Vietnam (April 1965) Internet History Sourcebooks: Modern History - Fordham University The coup would take place in a window of late October-early November. More than on earlier occasions, he recorded, Diem talked largely to himself. The Saigon potentate defended his stance in the Buddhist crisis, and defended his brothers Nhu and Thuc, the archbishop of Hue, whose antics had touched off the crisis. ideology on your free people. It contains 186,751 words in 265 pages and was updated last on March 27th, 2022. Noam Chomsky on the meaning of Vietnam (1975), Richard Nixon unveils a policy of Vietnamisation (November 1969) The citizens of America saw this, not as an opportunity, but as a danger to their precious country. The implications of the agreement concerning Viet-Nam have caused grave concern regarding the future of a country temporarily divided by an artificial military grouping, weakened by a long and exhausting war and faced with enemies without and by their subversive collaborations within. The purpose of this offer is to assist the Government of Viet-Nam in developing and maintaining a strong, viable state, capable of resisting attempted subversion or aggression through military means. Under Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy, the USA had given millions of dollars to prop up the French in Vietnam, and had sent military advisers to support Ngo Dinh Diem's corrupt, anti-communist . President Eisenhower then reminded Diem that his territory is protected by SEATO.

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